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<title>Spring horizon</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Spring horizon</span></span>

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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>A <b>spring horizon</b> or <b>spring line</b> is an <a href="Impervious" class="mw-redirect" title="Impervious">impervious</a> layer of rock reaching the surface, along which <a href="Spring_(hydrosphere)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring (hydrosphere)">springs</a> emerge. Since <a href="Aquifer" title="Aquifer">aquifers</a> and impervious <a href="Strata" class="mw-redirect" title="Strata">strata</a> often lie on top of one another in horizontal layers, adjacent contact springs often emerge at the same height along a line called the spring horizon.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leser, Hartmut et al. <i>Wörterbuch Allgemeine Geographie</i>, dtv, 14th ed., Mar 2010. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">

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</style><a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-423-03422-7</bdi>.</span>

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</style><div id="Rivers,_streams_and_springs876" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="River" title="River">Rivers</a>, <a href="Stream" title="Stream">streams</a> and <a href="Spring_(hydrology)" title="Spring (hydrology)">springs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="River" title="River">Rivers</a><br>(<a href="Lists_of_rivers" title="Lists of rivers">lists</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alluvial_river" title="Alluvial river">Alluvial river</a></li>

<li><a href="Braided_river" title="Braided river">Braided river</a></li>

<li><a href="Blackwater_river" title="Blackwater river">Blackwater river</a></li>

<li><a href="Channel_(geography)" title="Channel (geography)">Channel</a></li>

<li><a href="Channel_pattern" title="Channel pattern">Channel pattern</a></li>

<li><a href="Channel_types" title="Channel types">Channel types</a></li>

<li><a href="Confluence" title="Confluence">Confluence</a></li>

<li><a href="Distributary" title="Distributary">Distributary</a></li>

<li><a href="Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Drainage basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Subterranean_river" title="Subterranean river">Subterranean river</a></li>

<li><a href="River_bifurcation" title="River bifurcation">River bifurcation</a></li>

<li><a href="River_ecosystem" title="River ecosystem">River ecosystem</a></li>

<li><a href="River_source" title="River source">River source</a></li>

<li><a href="Tributary" title="Tributary">Tributary</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Stream" title="Stream">Streams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arroyo_(watercourse)" title="Arroyo (watercourse)">Arroyo</a></li>

<li><a href="Bourne_(stream)" title="Bourne (stream)">Bourne</a></li>

<li><a href="Chalk_stream" title="Chalk stream">Chalk stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Coulee" title="Coulee">Coulee</a></li>

<li><a href="Current_(hydrology)" title="Current (hydrology)">Current</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_bed" title="Stream bed">Stream bed</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Stream channel">Stream channel</a></li>

<li><a href="Streamflow" title="Streamflow">Streamflow</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_gradient" title="Stream gradient">Stream gradient</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_pool" title="Stream pool">Stream pool</a></li>

<li><a href="Perennial_stream" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial stream">Perennial stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Winterbourne_(stream)" title="Winterbourne (stream)">Winterbourne</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Spring_(hydrology)" title="Spring (hydrology)">Springs</a><br>(<a href="List_of_springs" title="List of springs">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Estavelle" title="Estavelle">Estavelle/Inversac</a></li>

<li><a href="Geyser" title="Geyser">Geyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Hot_spring" title="Hot spring">Hot spring</a>

<li><a href="Karst_spring" title="Karst spring">Karst spring</a>

<li><a href="Mineral_spring" title="Mineral spring">Mineral spring</a></li>

<li><a href="Ponor" title="Ponor">Ponor</a></li>

<li><a href="Rhythmic_spring" title="Rhythmic spring">Rhythmic spring</a></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Sediment" title="Sediment">Sedimentary processes</a><br>and <a href="Erosion" title="Erosion">erosion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abrasion_(geology)" title="Abrasion (geology)">Abrasion</a></li>

<li><a href="Anabranch" title="Anabranch">Anabranch</a></li>

<li><a href="Aggradation" title="Aggradation">Aggradation</a></li>

<li><a href="Armor_(hydrology)" title="Armor (hydrology)">Armor</a></li>

<li><a href="Bed_material_load" title="Bed material load">Bed material load</a></li>

<li><a href="Granular_flow" class="mw-redirect" title="Granular flow">Granular flow</a></li>

<li><a href="Debris_flow" title="Debris flow">Debris flow</a></li>

<li><a href="Deposition_(geology)" title="Deposition (geology)">Deposition</a></li>

<li><a href="Dissolved_load" title="Dissolved load">Dissolved load</a></li>

<li><a href="Downcutting" title="Downcutting">Downcutting</a></li>

<li><a href="Erosion" title="Erosion">Erosion</a></li>

<li><a href="Headward_erosion" title="Headward erosion">Headward erosion</a></li>

<li><a href="Knickpoint" title="Knickpoint">Knickpoint</a></li>

<li><a href="Palaeochannel" title="Palaeochannel">Palaeochannel</a></li>

<li><a href="Progradation" title="Progradation">Progradation</a></li>

<li><a href="Retrogradation" title="Retrogradation">Retrogradation</a></li>

<li><a href="Saltation_(geology)" title="Saltation (geology)">Saltation</a></li>

<li><a href="Secondary_flow#River_bends" title="Secondary flow">Secondary flow</a></li>

<li><a href="Sediment_transport" title="Sediment transport">Sediment transport</a></li>

<li><a href="Suspended_load" title="Suspended load">Suspended load</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_gap" title="Water gap">Water gap</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Fluvial" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluvial">Fluvial landforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Alluvial_fan" title="Alluvial fan">Alluvial fan</a></li>

<li><a href="Antecedent_drainage_stream" title="Antecedent drainage stream">Antecedent drainage stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Avulsion_(river)" title="Avulsion (river)">Avulsion</a></li>

<li><a href="Bayou" title="Bayou">Bayou</a></li>

<li><a href="Billabong" title="Billabong">Billabong</a></li>

<li><a href="Canyon" title="Canyon">Canyon</a></li>

<li><a href="Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a></li>

<li><a href="Estuary" title="Estuary">Estuary</a></li>

<li><a href="Floating_island" title="Floating island">Floating island</a></li>

<li><a href="Fluvial_terrace" title="Fluvial terrace">Fluvial terrace</a></li>

<li><a href="Gulch" title="Gulch">Gulch</a></li>

<li><a href="Gully" title="Gully">Gully</a></li>

<li><a href="Meander_scar" title="Meander scar">Meander scar</a></li>

<li><a href="Mouth_bar" title="Mouth bar">Mouth bar</a></li>

<li><a href="Oxbow_lake" title="Oxbow lake">Oxbow lake</a></li>

<li><a href="Riffle-pool_sequence" title="Riffle-pool sequence">Riffle-pool sequence</a></li>

<li><a href="Point_bar" title="Point bar">Point bar</a></li>

<li><a href="Ravine" title="Ravine">Ravine</a></li>

<li><a href="River_island" title="River island">River island</a></li>

<li><a href="Rock-cut_basin" title="Rock-cut basin">Rock-cut basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Sedimentary_basin" title="Sedimentary basin">Sedimentary basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Sedimentary_structures" title="Sedimentary structures">Sedimentary structures</a></li>

<li><a href="Strath" title="Strath">Strath</a></li>

<li><a href="Thalweg" title="Thalweg">Thalweg</a></li>

<li><a href="Valley" title="Valley">River valley</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Fluvial" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluvial">Fluvial flow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Helicoidal_flow" title="Helicoidal flow">Helicoidal flow</a></li>

<li><a href="International_scale_of_river_difficulty" title="International scale of river difficulty">International scale of river difficulty</a></li>

<li><a href="Meander" title="Meander">Meander</a></li>

<li><a href="Plunge_pool" title="Plunge pool">Plunge pool</a></li>

<li><a href="Rapids" title="Rapids">Rapids</a></li>

<li><a href="Riffle" title="Riffle">Riffle</a></li>

<li><a href="Shoal" title="Shoal">Shoal</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_capture" title="Stream capture">Stream capture</a></li>

<li><a href="Waterfall" title="Waterfall">Waterfall</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_waterfalls" title="List of waterfalls">list of waterfalls</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Whitewater" title="Whitewater">Whitewater</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Surface_runoff" title="Surface runoff">Surface runoff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agricultural_wastewater" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural wastewater">Agricultural wastewater</a></li>

<li><a href="First_flush" title="First flush">First flush</a></li>

<li><a href="Urban_runoff" title="Urban runoff">Urban runoff</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Flood" title="Flood">Floods</a> and <a href="Stormwater" title="Stormwater">stormwater</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="100-year_flood" title="100-year flood">100-year flood</a></li>

<li><a href="Crevasse_splay" title="Crevasse splay">Crevasse splay</a></li>

<li><a href="Flash_flood" title="Flash flood">Flash flood</a></li>

<li><a href="Flood" title="Flood">Flood</a>

<ul><li><a href="Urban_flooding" title="Urban flooding">Urban flooding</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_non-water_floods" title="List of non-water floods">Non-water flood</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Flood_barrier" title="Flood barrier">Flood barrier</a></li>

<li><a href="Flood_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood control">Flood control</a></li>

<li><a href="Flood_forecasting" title="Flood forecasting">Flood forecasting</a></li>

<li><a href="Flood-meadow" title="Flood-meadow">Flood-meadow</a></li>

<li><a href="Floodplain" title="Floodplain">Floodplain</a></li>

<li><a href="Flood_pulse_concept" title="Flood pulse concept">Flood pulse concept</a></li>

<li><a href="Flooded_grasslands_and_savannas" title="Flooded grasslands and savannas">Flooded grasslands and savannas</a></li>

<li><a href="Flooding_of_the_Nile" title="Flooding of the Nile">Inundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Storm_Water_Management_Model" title="Storm Water Management Model">Storm Water Management Model</a></li>

<li><a href="Return_period" title="Return period">Return period</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Water_pollution#Pollution_from_point_sources" title="Water pollution">Point source pollution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Effluent" title="Effluent">Effluent</a></li>

<li><a href="Industrial_wastewater" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial wastewater">Industrial wastewater</a></li>

<li><a href="Sewage" title="Sewage">Sewage</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">River measurement<br>and modelling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Baseflow" title="Baseflow">Baseflow</a></li>

<li><a href="Bradshaw_model" title="Bradshaw model">Bradshaw model</a></li>

<li><a href="Discharge_(hydrology)" title="Discharge (hydrology)">Discharge (hydrology)</a></li>

<li><a href="Drainage_density" title="Drainage density">Drainage density</a></li>

<li><a href="Exner_equation" title="Exner equation">Exner equation</a></li>

<li><a href="Groundwater_model" title="Groundwater model">Groundwater model</a></li>

<li><a href="Hjulstr%C3%B6m_curve" title="Hjulström curve">Hjulström curve</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydrograph" title="Hydrograph">Hydrograph</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydrological_model" title="Hydrological model">Hydrological model</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydrological_transport_model" title="Hydrological transport model">Hydrological transport model</a></li>

<li><a href="Infiltration_(hydrology)" title="Infiltration (hydrology)">Infiltration (hydrology)</a></li>

<li><a href="Playfair's_law" title="Playfair's law">Playfair's law</a></li>

<li><a href="Relief_ratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Relief ratio">Relief ratio</a></li>

<li><a href="River_Continuum_Concept" title="River Continuum Concept">River Continuum Concept</a></li>

<li><a href="Rouse_number" title="Rouse number">Rouse number</a></li>

<li><a href="Runoff_curve_number" title="Runoff curve number">Runoff curve number</a></li>

<li><a href="Runoff_model_(reservoir)" title="Runoff model (reservoir)">Runoff model (reservoir)</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_gauge" title="Stream gauge">Stream gauge</a></li>

<li><a href="Universal_Soil_Loss_Equation" title="Universal Soil Loss Equation">Universal Soil Loss Equation</a></li>

<li><a href="WAFLEX" title="WAFLEX">WAFLEX</a></li>

<li><a href="Wetted_perimeter" title="Wetted perimeter">Wetted perimeter</a></li>

<li><a href="Volumetric_flow_rate" title="Volumetric flow rate">Volumetric flow rate</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="River_engineering" title="River engineering">River engineering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aqueduct_(bridge)" title="Aqueduct (bridge)">Aqueduct</a></li>

<li><a href="Balancing_lake" title="Balancing lake">Balancing lake</a></li>

<li><a href="Canal" title="Canal">Canal</a></li>

<li><a href="Check_dam" title="Check dam">Check dam</a></li>

<li><a href="Drop_structure" title="Drop structure">Drop structure</a></li>

<li><a href="Daylighting_(streams)" title="Daylighting (streams)">Daylighting</a></li>

<li><a href="Detention_basin" title="Detention basin">Detention basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Erosion_control" title="Erosion control">Erosion control</a></li>

<li><a href="Fish_ladder" title="Fish ladder">Fish ladder</a></li>

<li><a href="Floodplain_restoration" title="Floodplain restoration">Floodplain restoration</a></li>

<li><a href="Flume" title="Flume">Flume</a></li>

<li><a href="Infiltration_basin" title="Infiltration basin">Infiltration basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Levee" title="Levee">Levee</a></li>

<li><a href="River_morphology" title="River morphology">River morphology</a></li>

<li><a href="Retention_basin" title="Retention basin">Retention basin</a></li>

<li><a href="Revetment" title="Revetment">Revetment</a></li>

<li><a href="Riparian-zone_restoration" title="Riparian-zone restoration">Riparian-zone restoration</a></li>

<li><a href="Stream_restoration" title="Stream restoration">Stream restoration</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">River sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Canyoning" title="Canyoning">Canyoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Fly_fishing" title="Fly fishing">Fly fishing</a></li>

<li><a href="Rafting" title="Rafting">Rafting</a></li>

<li><a href="River_surfing" title="River surfing">River surfing</a></li>

<li><a href="Riverboarding" title="Riverboarding">Riverboarding</a></li>

<li><a href="Stone_skipping" title="Stone skipping">Stone skipping</a></li>

<li><a href="Triathlon" title="Triathlon">Triathlon</a></li>

<li><a href="Whitewater_canoeing" title="Whitewater canoeing">Whitewater canoeing</a></li>

<li><a href="Whitewater_kayaking" title="Whitewater kayaking">Whitewater kayaking</a></li>

<li><a href="Whitewater_slalom" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitewater slalom">Whitewater slalom</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aquifer" title="Aquifer">Aquifer</a></li>

<li><a href="Aquatic_toxicology" title="Aquatic toxicology">Aquatic toxicology</a></li>

<li><a href="Body_of_water" title="Body of water">Body of water</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydraulic_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic civilization">Hydraulic civilization</a></li>

<li><a href="Limnology" title="Limnology">Limnology</a></li>

<li><a href="Riparian_zone" title="Riparian zone">Riparian zone</a></li>

<li><a href="River_valley_civilization" title="River valley civilization">River valley civilization</a></li>

<li><a href="River_cruise" title="River cruise">River cruise</a></li>

<li><a href="Sacred_waters" title="Sacred waters">Sacred waters</a></li>

<li><a href="Surface_water" title="Surface water">Surface water</a></li>

<li><a href="Wild_river" title="Wild river">Wild river</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_rivers_by_length" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rivers by length">Rivers by length</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_rivers_by_discharge" title="List of rivers by discharge">Rivers by discharge rate</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_drainage_basins" class="mw-redirect" title="List of drainage basins">Drainage basins</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_whitewater_rivers" title="List of whitewater rivers">Whitewater rivers</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_flash_floods" title="List of flash floods">Flash floods</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_river_name_etymologies" title="List of river name etymologies">River name etymologies</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_countries_without_rivers" title="List of countries without rivers">Countries without rivers</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<p><br>

</p>

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